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1 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define apply-in-underlying-scheme apply)
2 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
3 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval exp env)
4 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((self-evaluating? exp) exp)
5 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((variable? exp) (lookup-variable-value exp env))
6 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((quoted? exp) (text-of-quotation exp))
7 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((assignment? exp) (eval-assignment exp env))
8 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((definition? exp) (eval-definition exp env))
9 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; ((unbound? exp) (eval-unbound exp env))
10 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((if? exp) (eval-if exp env))
11 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((and? exp) (eval-and exp env))
12 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((or? exp) (eval-or exp env))
13 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((lambda? exp)
14 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-procedure (lambda-parameters exp)
15 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda-body exp)
16 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu env))
17 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((begin? exp)
18 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-sequence (begin-actions exp) env))
19 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((cond? exp) (eval (cond->if exp) env))
20 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((let? exp) (eval (let->combination exp) env))
21 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((let*? exp) (eval (let*->nested-lets exp) env))
22 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((named-let? exp) (eval (named-let->combination exp) env))
23 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((letrec? exp) (eval (letrec->let exp) env))
24 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((do? exp) (eval (do->combination exp) env))
25 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((application? exp)
26 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (apply (actual-value (operator exp) env)
27 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (operands exp)
28 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu env))
29 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else
30 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Unknown expression type -- EVAL" exp))))
31 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (apply procedure arguments env)
32 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((primitive-procedure? procedure)
33 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (apply-primitive-procedure
34 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu procedure
35 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list-of-arg-values arguments env)))
36 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((compound-procedure? procedure)
37 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-sequence
38 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-body procedure)
39 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (extend-environment
40 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-parameters procedure)
41 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list-of-delayed-args arguments env)
42 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-environment procedure))))
43 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else
44 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error
45 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu "Unknown procedure type -- APPLY" procedure))))
46 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
47 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (thunk? obj)
48 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? obj 'thunk))
49 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (thunk-exp thunk)
50 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr thunk))
51 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (thunk-env thunk)
52 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr thunk))
53 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (evaluated-thunk? obj)
54 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? obj 'evaluated-thunk))
55 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (thunk-value evaluated-thunk)
56 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr evaluated-thunk))
57 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (delay-it exp env)
58 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu `(thunk ,exp ,env))
59 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (actual-value exp env)
60 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (force-it (eval exp env)))
61 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (force-it obj)
62 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((thunk? obj)
63 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((result (actual-value
64 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (thunk-exp obj)
65 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (thunk-env obj))))
66 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! obj 'evaluated-thunk)
67 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! (cdr obj) result)
68 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! (cdr obj) '())
69 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu result))
70 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((evaluated-thunk? obj)
71 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (thunk-value obj))
72 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else obj)))
73 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
74 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (list-of-arg-values exps env)
75 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (no-operands? exps)
76 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '()
77 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (actual-value (first-operand exps) env)
78 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list-of-arg-values (rest-operands exps) env))))
79 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (list-of-delayed-args exps env)
80 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (no-operands? exps)
81 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '()
82 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (delay-it (first-operand exps) env)
83 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list-of-delayed-args (rest-operands exps) env))))
84 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
85 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (tagged-list? exp tag)
86 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (pair? exp)
87 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eq? (car exp) tag)
88 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu false))
89 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
90 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; self-evaluating/variable/quoted
91 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (self-evaluating? exp)
92 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((number? exp) true)
93 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((string? exp) true)
94 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else false)))
95 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (variable? exp) (symbol? exp))
96 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (quoted? exp)
97 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'quote))
98 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (text-of-quotation exp) (cadr exp))
99 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
100 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; assignment/definition
101 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (assignment? exp)
102 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'set!))
103 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (assignment-variable exp) (cadr exp))
104 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (assignment-value exp) (caddr exp))
105 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-assignment var val)
106 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'set! var val))
107 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (definition? exp)
108 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'define))
109 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (definition-variable exp)
110 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
111 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr exp)
112 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caadr exp)))
113 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (definition-value exp)
114 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
115 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr exp)
116 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-lambda (cdadr exp) ; formal parameters
117 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cddr exp)))) ; body
118 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-assignment exp env)
119 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-variable-value! (assignment-variable exp)
120 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (assignment-value exp) env)
121 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu env)
122 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'ok)
123 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-definition exp env)
124 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define-variable! (definition-variable exp)
125 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (definition-value exp) env)
126 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu env)
127 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'ok)
128 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-definition var val)
129 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu `(define ,var ,val))
130 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
131 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; make-unbound!
132 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
133 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define (unbound? exp)
134 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (tagged-list? exp 'make-unbound!))
135 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define (unbound-var exp)
136 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (cadr exp))
137 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define (eval-unbound exp env)
138 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (remove-binding-from-frame! (unbound-var exp) (first-frame env)))
139 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
140 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
141 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
142 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; if/and/or
143 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'if))
144 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if-predicate exp) (cadr exp))
145 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if-consequent exp) (caddr exp))
146 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if-alternative exp)
147 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (not (null? (cdddr exp)))
148 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadddr exp)
149 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'false))
150 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-if predicate consequent alternative)
151 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'if predicate consequent alternative))
152 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-if exp env)
153 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (true? (actual-value (if-predicate exp) env))
154 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (if-consequent exp) env)
155 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (if-alternative exp) env)))
156 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
157 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (and? exp)
158 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'and))
159 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (and-clauses exp)
160 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdr exp))
161 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (or? exp)
162 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'or))
163 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (or-clauses exp)
164 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdr exp))
165 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-and exp env)
166 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-clauses clauses)
167 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? clauses) true)
168 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? (cdr clauses)) (eval (car clauses) env))
169 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (and (eval (car clauses) env)
170 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (cdr clauses))))))
171 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (and-clauses exp)))
172 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-or exp env)
173 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-clauses clauses)
174 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? clauses)
175 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu false
176 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (or (eval (car clauses) env)
177 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (cdr clauses)))))
178 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (or-clauses exp)))
179 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
180 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
181 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; lambda/let/let*/letrec
182 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lambda? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'lambda))
183 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lambda-parameters exp) (cadr exp))
184 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lambda-body exp) (cddr exp))
185 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-lambda parameters body)
186 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons 'lambda (cons parameters body)))
187 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
188 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-let vars vals body)
189 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons 'let
190 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (map list vars vals)
191 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu body)))
192 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let? exp)
193 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (and (tagged-list? exp 'let)
194 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (not (symbol? (cadr exp)))))
195 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let-vars exp)
196 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (cadr exp)))
197 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let-vals exp)
198 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (cadr exp)))
199 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let-body exp)
200 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cddr exp))
201 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let->combination exp)
202 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-application (make-lambda (let-vars exp) (let-body exp))
203 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let-vals exp)))
204 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let? exp)
205 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (and (tagged-list? exp 'let)
206 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (symbol? (cadr exp))))
207 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-name exp)
208 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr exp))
209 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-vars exp)
210 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (caddr exp)))
211 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-vals exp)
212 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (caddr exp)))
213 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-body exp)
214 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdddr exp))
215 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let->combination exp)
216 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp
217 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (make-definition (named-let-name exp)
218 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-lambda (named-let-vars exp)
219 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (named-let-body exp)))
220 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-application (named-let-name exp)
221 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (named-let-vals exp)))))
222 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-named-let name vars vals body)
223 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons 'let
224 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons name
225 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (map list vars vals)
226 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu body))))
227 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
228 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (letrec? exp)
229 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'letrec))
230 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
231 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (letrec-vars exp)
232 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (cadr exp)))
233 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (letrec-vals exp)
234 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (cadr exp)))
235 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (letrec-body exp)
236 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cddr exp))
237 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (letrec->let exp)
238 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let* ((vars (letrec-vars exp))
239 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (unassigneds (map (lambda (var) ''*unassigned*)
240 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu vars))
241 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vals (letrec-vals exp))
242 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (assignments (map (lambda (var val)
243 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-assignment var val))
244 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu vars
245 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu vals))
246 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (body (letrec-body exp)))
247 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let vars
248 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu unassigneds
249 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (append assignments body))))
250 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
251 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
252 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
253 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
254 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let*? exp)
255 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'let*))
256 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define let*-vars let-vars)
257 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define let*-vals let-vals)
258 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define let*-body let-body)
259 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let*->nested-lets exp)
260 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (expand-lets vars vals)
261 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? (cdr vars))
262 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let (list (car vars))
263 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (car vals))
264 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let*-body exp))
265 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let (list (car vars))
266 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (car vals))
267 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (expand-lets (cdr vars) (cdr vals))))))
268 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((vars (let*-vars exp))
269 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vals (let*-vals exp)))
270 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? vars)
271 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (let*-body exp))
272 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-lets vars vals))))
273 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
274 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; do loop
275 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do? exp)
276 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'do))
277 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-vars exp)
278 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (cadr exp)))
279 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-inits exp)
280 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (cadr exp)))
281 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-steps exp)
282 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map (lambda (var-init-step)
283 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? (cddr var-init-step))
284 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (car var-init-step)
285 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr var-init-step)))
286 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr exp)))
287 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-test exp)
288 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caaddr exp))
289 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-expressions exp)
290 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? (cdaddr exp))
291 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr exp)
292 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdaddr exp)))
293 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-commands exp)
294 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdddr exp))
295 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do->combination exp)
296 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-named-let
297 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'do-iter
298 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-vars exp)
299 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-inits exp)
300 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list
301 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-if
302 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-test exp)
303 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (do-expressions exp))
304 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp
305 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (append (do-commands exp)
306 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (make-application
307 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'do-iter
308 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-steps exp)))))))))
309 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
310 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
311 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; begin/sequence
312 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (begin? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'begin))
313 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (begin-actions exp) (cdr exp))
314 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (last-exp? seq) (null? (cdr seq)))
315 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (first-exp seq) (car seq))
316 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (rest-exps seq) (cdr seq))
317 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (sequence->exp seq)
318 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? seq) seq)
319 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((last-exp? seq) (first-exp seq))
320 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (make-begin seq))))
321 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-begin seq) (cons 'begin seq))
322 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-sequence exps env)
323 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((last-exp? exps) (eval (first-exp exps) env))
324 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (eval (first-exp exps) env)
325 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-sequence (rest-exps exps) env))))
326 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
327 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; application
328 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-application op args)
329 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons op args))
330 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (application? exp) (pair? exp))
331 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (operator exp) (car exp))
332 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (operands exp) (cdr exp))
333 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (no-operands? ops) (null? ops))
334 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (first-operand ops) (car ops))
335 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (rest-operands ops) (cdr ops))
336 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
337 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; cond
338 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'cond))
339 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-clauses exp) (cdr exp))
340 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-else-clause? clause)
341 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eq? (cond-predicate clause) 'else))
342 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-predicate clause) (car clause))
343 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-actions clause) (cdr clause))
344 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-extended-clause? clause)
345 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (and (not (null? (cdr clause))) (eq? (cadr clause) '=>)))
346 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-extended-proc clause)
347 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr clause))
348 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond->if exp)
349 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-clauses (cond-clauses exp)))
350 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (expand-clauses clauses)
351 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? clauses)
352 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'false ; no else clause
353 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((first (car clauses))
354 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (rest (cdr clauses)))
355 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (cond-else-clause? first)
356 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? rest)
357 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
358 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "ELSE clause isn't last -- COND->IF"
359 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu clauses))
360 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (cond-extended-clause? first)
361 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-if (cond-predicate first)
362 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-application
363 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond-extended-proc first)
364 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (cond-predicate first)))
365 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-clauses rest))
366 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-if (cond-predicate first)
367 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
368 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-clauses rest)))))))
369 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (true? x)
370 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (not (eq? x false)))
371 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (false? x)
372 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eq? x false))
373 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
374 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; procedure
375 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-procedure parameters body env)
376 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'procedure parameters body env))
377 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define (scan-out-defines body)
378 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let* ((definitions (filter definition? body))
379 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (vars (map definition-variable definitions))
380 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (unassigneds (map (lambda (var) ''*unassigned*)
381 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; vars))
382 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (vals (map definition-value definitions))
383 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (assignments
384 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (map (lambda (var val)
385 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-assignment var val))
386 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; vars vals))
387 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (exps (remove definition? body)))
388 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (null? definitions)
389 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; body
390 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (list
391 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-let vars
392 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; unassigneds
393 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (append assignments exps))))))
394 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (compound-procedure? p)
395 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? p 'procedure))
396 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (procedure-parameters p) (cadr p))
397 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (procedure-body p) (caddr p))
398 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (procedure-environment p) (cadddr p))
399 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
400 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; environment
401 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (enclosing-environment env) (cdr env))
402 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (first-frame env) (car env))
403 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define the-empty-environment '())
404 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-frame variables values)
405 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons variables values))
406 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (frame-variables frame) (car frame))
407 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (frame-values frame) (cdr frame))
408 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame)
409 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! frame (cons var (car frame)))
410 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! frame (cons val (cdr frame))))
411 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (extend-environment vars vals base-env)
412 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= (length vars) (length vals))
413 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (make-frame vars vals) base-env)
414 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (< (length vars) (length vals))
415 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Too many arguments supplied" vars vals)
416 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Too few arguments supplied" vars vals))))
417 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lookup-variable-value var env)
418 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (env-loop env)
419 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
420 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? vars)
421 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
422 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (car vars))
423 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((val (car vals)))
424 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? val '*unassigned*)
425 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Var not yet defined -- LOOKUP-VARIABLE-VALUE" var)
426 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu val)))
427 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
428 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
429 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Unbound variable" var)
430 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
431 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan (frame-variables frame)
432 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (frame-values frame)))))
433 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop env))
434 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (set-variable-value! var val env)
435 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (env-loop env)
436 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
437 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? vars)
438 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
439 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (car vars))
440 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! vals val))
441 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
442 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
443 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Unbound variable -- SET!" var)
444 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
445 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan (frame-variables frame)
446 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (frame-values frame)))))
447 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop env))
448 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (define-variable! var val env)
449 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
450 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
451 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? vars)
452 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame))
453 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (car vars))
454 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! vals val))
455 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
456 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan (frame-variables frame)
457 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (frame-values frame))))
458 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
459 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (remove-binding-from-frame! var frame)
460 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
461 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? (cdr vars))
462 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Binding not found -- REMOVE-BINDING-FROM-FRAME!" var))
463 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (cadr vars))
464 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! vars (cddr vars))
465 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! vals (cddr vals)))
466 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
467 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((vars (frame-variables frame))
468 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vals (frame-values frame)))
469 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? var (car vars))
470 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (begin (set-car! frame (cdr vars))
471 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! frame (cdr vals)))
472 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan vars vals))))
473 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
474 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; primitives
475 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-procedure? proc)
476 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? proc 'primitive))
477 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-implementation proc) (cadr proc))
478 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define primitive-procedures
479 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (list 'car car)
480 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cdr cdr)
481 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'caar caar)
482 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cadr cadr)
483 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cddr cddr)
484 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cons cons)
485 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'null? null?)
486 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '* *)
487 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '/ /)
488 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '+ +)
489 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '- -)
490 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '= =)
491 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '< <)
492 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '> >)
493 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '<= <=)
494 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '>= >=)
495 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'remainder remainder)
496 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'eq? eq?)
497 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'equal? equal?)
498 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'display display)))
499 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-procedure-names)
500 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car
501 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu primitive-procedures))
502 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-procedure-objects)
503 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map (lambda (proc) (list 'primitive (cadr proc)))
504 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu primitive-procedures))
505 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (apply-primitive-procedure proc args)
506 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (apply-in-underlying-scheme
507 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (primitive-implementation proc) args))
508 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
509 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; driver-loop
510 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define input-prompt ";;; M-Eval input:")
511 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define output-prompt ";;; M-Eval value:")
512 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (driver-loop)
513 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (prompt-for-input input-prompt)
514 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((input (read)))
515 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((output (actual-value input the-global-environment)))
516 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (announce-output output-prompt)
517 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (user-print output)))
518 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (driver-loop))
519 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (prompt-for-input string)
520 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline) (newline) (display string) (newline))
521 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
522 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (announce-output string)
523 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline) (display string) (newline))
524 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (user-print object)
525 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (compound-procedure? object)
526 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display (list 'compound-procedure
527 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-parameters object)
528 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-body object)
529 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '<procedure-env>))
530 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display object)))
531 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (setup-environment)
532 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((initial-env
533 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (extend-environment (primitive-procedure-names)
534 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (primitive-procedure-objects)
535 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu the-empty-environment)))
536 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define-variable! 'true true initial-env)
537 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define-variable! 'false false initial-env)
538 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu initial-env))
539 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define the-global-environment (setup-environment))
540 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
541 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; auxiliary
542 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (test-case actual expected)
543 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline)
544 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display "Actual: ")
545 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display actual)
546 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline)
547 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display "Expected: ")
548 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display expected)
549 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline))
550 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (geval exp) ;; eval globally
551 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval exp the-global-environment))
552 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (test-eval exp expected)
553 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-case (force-it (geval exp)) expected))
554 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
555 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
556 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; delayed-evaluation
557 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
558 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
559 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (try a b)
560 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= a 0) 1 b)))
561 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(try 0 (/ 1 0)) 1)
562 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
563 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
564 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (unless condition usual-value exceptional-value)
565 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if condition exceptional-value usual-value)))
566 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
567 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((a 4) (b 0))
568 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (unless (= b 0)
569 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (/ a b)
570 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (begin (display "exception: returning 0")
571 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 0)))
572 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 0)
573 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
574 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((a 4) (b 2))
575 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (unless (= b 0)
576 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (/ a b)
577 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (begin (display "exception: returning 0")
578 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 0)))
579 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 2)
580 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
581 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
582 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (factorial n)
583 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (unless (= n 1)
584 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* n (factorial (- n 1)))
585 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 1)))
586 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
587 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(factorial 8)
588 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 40320)
589 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
590 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define count 0))
591 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define (id x)
592 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! count (+ count 1))
593 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu x))
594 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
595 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; Give the missing values in the following sequence of interactions, and explain your answers.38
596 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
597 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define w (id (id 10))))
598 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'count 1)
599 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'w 10)
600 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'count 2)
601 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
602 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; test-suite
603 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
604 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; procedure definitions
605 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
606 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
607 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (assoc key records)
608 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? records) false)
609 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((equal? key (caar records)) (car records))
610 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (assoc key (cdr records))))))
611 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
612 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
613 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (map proc list)
614 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? list)
615 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '()
616 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (proc (car list))
617 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map proc (cdr list))))))
618 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
619 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
620 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (accumulate op initial sequence)
621 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? sequence)
622 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu initial
623 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (op (car sequence)
624 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (accumulate op initial (cdr sequence))))))
625 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
626 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; all special forms
627 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(begin 5 6) 6)
628 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '10 10)
629 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define x 3))
630 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 3)
631 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(set! x -25) 'ok)
632 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x -25)
633 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define z (lambda (x y) (+ x (* x y)))))
634 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(z 3 4) 15)
635 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(cond ((= x -2) 'x=-2)
636 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= x -25) 'x=-25)
637 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else 'failed))
638 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'x=-25)
639 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(if true false true) false)
640 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
641 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
642 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 4) (y 7))
643 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x y (* x y)))
644 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ 4 7 (* 4 7)))
645 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
646 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
647 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; and/or
648 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define x (+ 3 8)))
649 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x) 11)
650 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x false) false)
651 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x (set! x -2) false) false)
652 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x -2)
653 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x false (set! x -5)) false)
654 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x -2)
655 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or false (set! x 25)) 'ok)
656 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 25)
657 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or (set! x 2) (set! x 4)) 'ok)
658 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 2)
659 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or false (set! x 25) true false) 'ok)
660 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 25)
661 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or ((lambda (x) x) 5)) 5)
662 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or (begin (set! x (+ x 1)) x)) 26)
663 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
664 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
665 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; cond
666 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
667 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
668 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(cond ((assoc 'b '((a 1) (b 2))) => cadr)
669 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else false))
670 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 2)
671 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
672 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
673 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(cond ((= 3 4) 'not-true)
674 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= (* 2 4) 3) 'also-false)
675 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((map (lambda (x)
676 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x (+ x 1)))
677 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(2 4 1 9))
678 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu =>
679 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda (x)
680 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (accumulate + 0 x)))
681 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else 'never-reach))
682 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 118)
683 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(6 20 2 90)
684 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
685 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
686 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; procedure definition and application
687 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
688 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (factorial n)
689 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
690 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 1
691 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* n (factorial (- n 1))))))
692 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(factorial 5) 120)
693 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
694 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; map
695 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
696 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
697 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(map (lambda (x)
698 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x (+ x 1)))
699 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(2 1 4 2 8 3))
700 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(6 2 20 6 72 12))
701 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; accumulate
702 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
703 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
704 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(accumulate + 0 '(1 2 3 4 5))
705 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 15)
706 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
707 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; make-let
708 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
709 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let '(x y) '(3 5) '((+ x y)))
710 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 8)
711 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
712 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ()
713 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
714 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
715 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
716 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3))
717 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu x)
718 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 3)
719 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
720 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3)
721 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y 5))
722 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x y))
723 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 8)
724 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
725 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3)
726 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y 2))
727 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (let ((x (+ y 2))
728 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y x))
729 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x y))
730 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu x y))
731 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (* 4 3) 3 2))
732 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
733 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 6)
734 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (let ((x 2))
735 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x 3)))
736 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (z (let ((a (* 3 2)))
737 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ a 3))))
738 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x y z))
739 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ 6 5 9))
740 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
741 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
742 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; let*
743 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
744 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
745 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 3)
746 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (+ x 2))
747 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (z (+ x y 5)))
748 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x z))
749 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 39)
750 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
751 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
752 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ()
753 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
754 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
755 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
756 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 3))
757 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let* ((y 5))
758 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x y)))
759 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 8)
760 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
761 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
762 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 3)
763 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (+ x 1)))
764 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (let* ((x (+ y 2))
765 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y x))
766 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x y))
767 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu x y))
768 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (* 6 6) 3 4))
769 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
770 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 6)
771 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (let* ((x 2)
772 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (a (let* ((x (* 3 x)))
773 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x 2))))
774 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x a)))
775 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (z (+ x y)))
776 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x y z))
777 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 32)
778 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
779 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; named-let
780 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
781 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
782 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let eight ()
783 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5
784 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 7
785 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 8)
786 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 8)
787 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
788 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let loop ((count 0))
789 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= 100 count)
790 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu count
791 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (loop (+ count 1))))
792 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 100)
793 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
794 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (prime? x)
795 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let prime-iter ((i 2))
796 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((> (* i i) x) true)
797 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= (remainder x i) 0) false)
798 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (prime-iter (+ i 1)))))))
799 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
800 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let primes ((x 2)
801 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (n 20))
802 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((= n 0) '())
803 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((prime? x)
804 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons x
805 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (primes (+ x 1) (- n 1))))
806 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (primes (+ x 1) n))))
807 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71))
808 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
809 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
810 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (fib n)
811 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let fib-iter ((a 1)
812 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (b 0)
813 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (count n))
814 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= count 0)
815 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu b
816 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (fib-iter (+ a b) a (- count 1))))))
817 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(fib 19) 4181)
818 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
819 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; do-loop
820 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
821 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y 0))
822 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x 0 (+ x 1)))
823 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= x 5) y)
824 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (+ y 1))))
825 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
826 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
827 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(do ()
828 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (true))
829 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu true)
830 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
831 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(do ()
832 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (true 5))
833 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
834 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
835 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y 0))
836 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ()
837 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= y 5) y)
838 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (+ y 1))))
839 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
840 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
841 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
842 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(do ((y '(1 2 3 4)))
843 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? y))
844 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (cdr y)))
845 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu true)
846 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
847 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y 0))
848 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x 0 (+ x 1)))
849 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= x 5) y)
850 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (+ y 1))))
851 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 5)
852 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
853 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x '(1 3 5 7 9)))
854 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x x (cdr x))
855 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sum 0 (+ sum (car x))))
856 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? x) sum)))
857 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 25)
858 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
859 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((z '()))
860 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x '(1 2 3 4) (cdr x))
861 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y '(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) (cddr y)))
862 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? x) y x z)
863 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! z (cons (car x) z))))
864 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(4 3 2 1))
865 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
866 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
867 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
868 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; make-unbound!
869 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; broken now due to scan-out-defines
870 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
871 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-eval
872 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((x 3))
873 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((x 5))
874 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! x)
875 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (* x x)))
876 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; 9)
877 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
878 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-eval
879 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((x 3))
880 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((x 5))
881 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define y x)
882 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! x)
883 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (* y x)))
884 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; 15)
885 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
886 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-eval
887 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((y -1) (x 3))
888 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((y 0.5) (x 5))
889 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define a x)
890 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define b y)
891 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! x)
892 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! y)
893 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (* a b x y)))
894 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (* 5 3 -1 0.5))
895 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
896 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-eval
897 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((x 3) (y 4))
898 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((x 5))
899 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! x)
900 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ x 4)))
901 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; 7)
902 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
903 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-eval
904 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((a 1) (b 2) (c 3) (d 4))
905 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! b)
906 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ a c d))
907 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ 1 3 4))
908 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
909 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-eval
910 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((x 4) (y 5))
911 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((a 1) (b 2) (c 3))
912 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((x (+ a b)) (y (+ c a)))
913 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! x)
914 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((a x) (b (+ x y)))
915 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define z b)
916 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (make-unbound! b)
917 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (* (+ a z)
918 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ a b y))))))
919 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (* (+ 4 8)
920 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ 4 2 4)))
921 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
922 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; x 3 -- y 4
923 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; x 4 -- y 4
924 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; a 4 -- b 4
925 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; a 4 -- b 2
926 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
927 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; scan-out-defines
928 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
929 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
930 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (f x)
931 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (even? n)
932 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
933 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu true
934 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (odd? (- n 1))))
935 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (odd? n)
936 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
937 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu false
938 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (even? (- n 1))))
939 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (even? x)))
940 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(f 5) false)
941 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(f 10) true)
942 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
943 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (geval
944 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((x 5))
945 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define y x)
946 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define x 3)
947 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ x y)))
948 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; signal an error because x is undefined if variables are scanned out
949 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
950 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; letrec
951 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
952 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval
953 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (f x)
954 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (letrec ((even?
955 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda (n)
956 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
957 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu true
958 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (odd? (- n 1)))))
959 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (odd?
960 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda (n)
961 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
962 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu false
963 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (even? (- n 1))))))
964 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (even? x))))
965 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(f 11) false)
966 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(f 16) true)
967 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu
968 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval
969 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(letrec ((fact
970 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda (n)
971 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 1)
972 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 1
973 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* n (fact (- n 1)))))))
974 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (fact 10))
975 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 3628800)