1 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define apply-in-underlying-scheme apply)
3 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval exp env)
4 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((self-evaluating? exp) exp)
5 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((variable? exp) (lookup-variable-value exp env))
6 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((quoted? exp) (text-of-quotation exp))
7 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((assignment? exp) (eval-assignment exp env))
8 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((definition? exp) (eval-definition exp env))
9 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((unbound? exp) (eval-unbound exp env))
10 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((if? exp) (eval-if exp env))
11 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((and? exp) (eval-and exp env))
12 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((or? exp) (eval-or exp env))
13 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((lambda? exp)
14 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-procedure (lambda-parameters exp)
15 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda-body exp)
17 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((begin? exp)
18 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-sequence (begin-actions exp) env))
19 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((cond? exp) (eval (cond->if exp) env))
20 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((let? exp) (eval (let->combination exp) env))
21 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((let*? exp) (eval (let*->nested-lets exp) env))
22 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((named-let? exp) (eval (named-let->combination exp) env))
23 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((do? exp) (eval (do->combination exp) env))
24 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((application? exp)
25 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (apply (eval (operator exp) env)
26 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list-of-values (operands exp) env)))
28 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Unknown expression type -- EVAL" exp))))
29 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (apply procedure arguments)
30 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((primitive-procedure? procedure)
31 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (apply-primitive-procedure procedure arguments))
32 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((compound-procedure? procedure)
33 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-sequence
34 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-body procedure)
35 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (extend-environment
36 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-parameters procedure)
38 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-environment procedure))))
41 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu "Unknown procedure type -- APPLY" procedure))))
43 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (list-of-values exps env)
44 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (no-operands? exps)
46 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (eval (first-operand exps) env)
47 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list-of-values (rest-operands exps) env))))
49 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (tagged-list? exp tag)
50 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (pair? exp)
51 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eq? (car exp) tag)
54 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; self-evaluating/variable/quoted
55 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (self-evaluating? exp)
56 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((number? exp) true)
57 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((string? exp) true)
58 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else false)))
59 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (variable? exp) (symbol? exp))
60 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (quoted? exp)
61 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'quote))
62 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (text-of-quotation exp) (cadr exp))
64 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; assignment/definition
65 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (assignment? exp)
66 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'set!))
67 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (assignment-variable exp) (cadr exp))
68 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (assignment-value exp) (caddr exp))
69 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (definition? exp)
70 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'define))
71 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (definition-variable exp)
72 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
74 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caadr exp)))
75 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (definition-value exp)
76 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
78 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-lambda (cdadr exp) ; formal parameters
79 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cddr exp)))) ; body
80 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-assignment exp env)
81 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-variable-value! (assignment-variable exp)
82 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (assignment-value exp) env)
85 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-definition exp env)
86 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define-variable! (definition-variable exp)
87 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (definition-value exp) env)
90 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-definition var val)
91 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu `(define ,var ,val))
93 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; make-unbound!
95 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (unbound? exp)
96 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'make-unbound!))
97 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (unbound-var exp)
99 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-unbound exp env)
100 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (remove-binding-from-frame! (unbound-var exp) (first-frame env)))
104 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; if/and/or
105 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'if))
106 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if-predicate exp) (cadr exp))
107 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if-consequent exp) (caddr exp))
108 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (if-alternative exp)
109 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (not (null? (cdddr exp)))
110 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadddr exp)
112 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-if predicate consequent alternative)
113 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'if predicate consequent alternative))
114 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-if exp env)
115 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (true? (eval (if-predicate exp) env))
116 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (if-consequent exp) env)
117 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval (if-alternative exp) env)))
119 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (and? exp)
120 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'and))
121 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (and-clauses exp)
123 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (or? exp)
124 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'or))
125 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (or-clauses exp)
127 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-and exp env)
128 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-clauses clauses)
129 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? clauses) true)
130 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? (cdr clauses)) (eval (car clauses) env))
131 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (and (eval (car clauses) env)
132 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (cdr clauses))))))
133 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (and-clauses exp)))
134 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-or exp env)
135 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-clauses clauses)
136 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? clauses)
138 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (or (eval (car clauses) env)
139 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (cdr clauses)))))
140 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-clauses (or-clauses exp)))
143 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; lambda/let/let*
144 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lambda? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'lambda))
145 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lambda-parameters exp) (cadr exp))
146 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lambda-body exp) (cddr exp))
147 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-lambda parameters body)
148 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons 'lambda (cons parameters body)))
150 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-let vars vals body)
152 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (map list vars vals)
154 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let? exp)
155 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (and (tagged-list? exp 'let)
156 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (not (symbol? (cadr exp)))))
157 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let-vars exp)
158 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (cadr exp)))
159 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let-vals exp)
160 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (cadr exp)))
161 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let-body exp)
162 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cddr exp))
163 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let->combination exp)
164 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-application (make-lambda (let-vars exp) (let-body exp))
165 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let-vals exp)))
166 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let? exp)
167 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (and (tagged-list? exp 'let)
168 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (symbol? (cadr exp))))
169 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-name exp)
170 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr exp))
171 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-vars exp)
172 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (caddr exp)))
173 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-vals exp)
174 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (caddr exp)))
175 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let-body exp)
176 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdddr exp))
177 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (named-let->combination exp)
178 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp
179 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (make-definition (named-let-name exp)
180 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-lambda (named-let-vars exp)
181 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (named-let-body exp)))
182 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-application (named-let-name exp)
183 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (named-let-vals exp)))))
184 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-named-let name vars vals body)
187 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (map list vars vals)
190 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-application op args)
191 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons op args))
193 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let*? exp)
194 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'let*))
195 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define let*-vars let-vars)
196 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define let*-vals let-vals)
197 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define let*-body let-body)
198 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (let*->nested-lets exp)
199 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (expand-lets vars vals)
200 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? (cdr vars))
201 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let (list (car vars))
202 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (car vals))
203 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let*-body exp))
204 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let (list (car vars))
205 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (car vals))
206 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (expand-lets (cdr vars) (cdr vals))))))
207 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((vars (let*-vars exp))
208 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vals (let*-vals exp)))
209 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? vars)
210 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (let*-body exp))
211 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-lets vars vals))))
214 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do? exp)
215 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? exp 'do))
216 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-vars exp)
217 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map car (cadr exp)))
218 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-inits exp)
219 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map cadr (cadr exp)))
220 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-steps exp)
221 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map (lambda (var-init-step)
222 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? (cddr var-init-step))
223 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (car var-init-step)
224 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr var-init-step)))
225 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cadr exp)))
226 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-test exp)
227 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caaddr exp))
228 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-expressions exp)
229 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? (cdaddr exp))
230 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr exp)
231 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdaddr exp)))
232 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do-commands exp)
233 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cdddr exp))
234 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (do->combination exp)
235 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-named-let
237 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-vars exp)
238 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-inits exp)
241 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-test exp)
242 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (do-expressions exp))
243 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp
244 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (append (do-commands exp)
245 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (make-application
247 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do-steps exp)))))))))
250 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; begin/sequence
251 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (begin? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'begin))
252 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (begin-actions exp) (cdr exp))
253 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (last-exp? seq) (null? (cdr seq)))
254 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (first-exp seq) (car seq))
255 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (rest-exps seq) (cdr seq))
256 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (sequence->exp seq)
257 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? seq) seq)
258 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((last-exp? seq) (first-exp seq))
259 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (make-begin seq))))
260 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-begin seq) (cons 'begin seq))
261 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (eval-sequence exps env)
262 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display "Evaluating: ")
264 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (user-print exps)
265 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((last-exp? exps) (eval (first-exp exps) env))
266 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (eval (first-exp exps) env)
267 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval-sequence (rest-exps exps) env))))
269 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; application
270 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (application? exp) (pair? exp))
271 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (operator exp) (car exp))
272 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (operands exp) (cdr exp))
273 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (no-operands? ops) (null? ops))
274 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (first-operand ops) (car ops))
275 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (rest-operands ops) (cdr ops))
278 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond? exp) (tagged-list? exp 'cond))
279 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-clauses exp) (cdr exp))
280 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-else-clause? clause)
281 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eq? (cond-predicate clause) 'else))
282 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-predicate clause) (car clause))
283 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-actions clause) (cdr clause))
284 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-extended-clause? clause)
285 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (and (not (null? (cdr clause))) (eq? (cadr clause) '=>)))
286 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond-extended-proc clause)
287 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (caddr clause))
288 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (cond->if exp)
289 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-clauses (cond-clauses exp)))
290 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (expand-clauses clauses)
291 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? clauses)
292 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu 'false ; no else clause
293 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((first (car clauses))
294 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (rest (cdr clauses)))
295 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (cond-else-clause? first)
296 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? rest)
297 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
298 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "ELSE clause isn't last -- COND->IF"
300 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (cond-extended-clause? first)
301 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-if (cond-predicate first)
302 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-application
303 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond-extended-proc first)
304 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (cond-predicate first)))
305 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-clauses rest))
306 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-if (cond-predicate first)
307 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
308 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (expand-clauses rest)))))))
309 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (true? x)
310 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (not (eq? x false)))
311 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (false? x)
312 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eq? x false))
314 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; procedure
315 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-procedure parameters body env)
316 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'procedure parameters (scan-out-defines body) env))
317 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (compound-procedure? p)
318 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? p 'procedure))
319 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (procedure-parameters p) (cadr p))
320 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (procedure-body p) (caddr p))
321 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (procedure-environment p) (cadddr p))
323 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; environment
324 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (enclosing-environment env) (cdr env))
325 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (first-frame env) (car env))
326 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define the-empty-environment '())
327 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-frame variables values)
328 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons variables values))
329 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (frame-variables frame) (car frame))
330 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (frame-values frame) (cdr frame))
331 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame)
332 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! frame (cons var (car frame)))
333 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! frame (cons val (cdr frame))))
334 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (extend-environment vars vals base-env)
335 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= (length vars) (length vals))
336 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (make-frame vars vals) base-env)
337 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (< (length vars) (length vals))
338 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Too many arguments supplied" vars vals)
339 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Too few arguments supplied" vars vals))))
340 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (lookup-variable-value var env)
341 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (env-loop env)
342 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
343 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? vars)
344 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
345 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (car vars))
346 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((val (car vals)))
347 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? val '*unassigned*)
348 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Var not yet defined -- LOOKUP-VARIABLE-VALUE" var)
350 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
351 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
352 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Unbound variable" var)
353 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
354 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan (frame-variables frame)
355 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (frame-values frame)))))
356 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop env))
357 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (set-variable-value! var val env)
358 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (env-loop env)
359 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
360 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? vars)
361 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
362 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (car vars))
363 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! vals val))
364 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
365 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
366 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Unbound variable -- SET!" var)
367 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
368 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan (frame-variables frame)
369 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (frame-values frame)))))
370 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (env-loop env))
371 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (define-variable! var val env)
372 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
373 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
374 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? vars)
375 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame))
376 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (car vars))
377 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-car! vals val))
378 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
379 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan (frame-variables frame)
380 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (frame-values frame))))
382 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (remove-binding-from-frame! var frame)
383 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan vars vals)
384 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? (cdr vars))
385 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (error "Binding not found -- REMOVE-BINDING-FROM-FRAME!" var))
386 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((eq? var (cadr vars))
387 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! vars (cddr vars))
388 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! vals (cddr vals)))
389 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
390 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((vars (frame-variables frame))
391 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vals (frame-values frame)))
392 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (eq? var (car vars))
393 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (begin (set-car! frame (cdr vars))
394 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set-cdr! frame (cdr vals)))
395 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (scan vars vals))))
397 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; primitives
398 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-procedure? proc)
399 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (tagged-list? proc 'primitive))
400 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-implementation proc) (cadr proc))
401 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define primitive-procedures
402 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list (list 'car car)
403 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cdr cdr)
404 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'caar caar)
405 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cadr cadr)
406 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cddr cddr)
407 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'cons cons)
408 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'null? null?)
409 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '* *)
410 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '/ /)
411 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '+ +)
412 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '- -)
413 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '= =)
414 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '< <)
415 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '> >)
416 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '<= <=)
417 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list '>= >=)
418 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'remainder remainder)
419 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'eq? eq?)
420 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'equal? equal?)
421 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'display display)))
422 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-procedure-names)
424 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu primitive-procedures))
425 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (primitive-procedure-objects)
426 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map (lambda (proc) (list 'primitive (cadr proc)))
427 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu primitive-procedures))
428 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (apply-primitive-procedure proc args)
429 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (apply-in-underlying-scheme
430 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (primitive-implementation proc) args))
432 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; driver-loop
433 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define input-prompt ";;; M-Eval input:")
434 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define output-prompt ";;; M-Eval value:")
435 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (driver-loop)
436 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (prompt-for-input input-prompt)
437 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((input (read)))
438 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((output (eval input the-global-environment)))
439 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (announce-output output-prompt)
440 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (user-print output)))
441 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (driver-loop))
442 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (prompt-for-input string)
443 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline) (newline) (display string) (newline))
445 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (announce-output string)
446 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (newline) (display string) (newline))
447 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (user-print object)
448 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (compound-procedure? object)
449 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display (list 'compound-procedure
450 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-parameters object)
451 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (procedure-body object)
452 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '<procedure-env>))
453 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display object)))
454 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (setup-environment)
455 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((initial-env
456 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (extend-environment (primitive-procedure-names)
457 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (primitive-procedure-objects)
458 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu the-empty-environment)))
459 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define-variable! 'true true initial-env)
460 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define-variable! 'false false initial-env)
461 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu initial-env))
462 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define the-global-environment (setup-environment))
464 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; auxiliary
465 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (test-case actual expected)
467 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display "Actual: ")
468 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display actual)
470 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display "Expected: ")
471 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (display expected)
473 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (geval exp) ;; eval globally
474 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (eval exp the-global-environment))
475 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (test-eval exp expected)
476 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-case (geval exp) expected))
479 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; Exercise 4.16. In this exercise we implement the method just described for interpreting internal definitions. We assume that the evaluator supports let (see exercise 4.6).
481 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; a. Change lookup-variable-value (section 4.1.3) to signal an error if the value it finds is the symbol *unassigned*.
483 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; see above
485 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; b. Write a procedure scan-out-defines that takes a procedure body and returns an equivalent one that has no internal definitions, by making the transformation described above.
487 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda <vars>
488 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define u <e1>)
489 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define v <e2>)
492 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; would be transformed into
494 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda <vars>
495 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let ((u '*unassigned*)
496 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (v '*unassigned*))
497 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! u <e1>)
498 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! v <e2>)
501 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (newline)
502 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (display "test")
503 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (newline)
506 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (make-assignment var val)
507 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (list 'set! var val))
509 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (scan-out-defines body)
510 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let* ((definitions (filter definition? body))
511 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vars (map definition-variable definitions))
512 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (unassigneds (map (lambda (var) ''*unassigned*)
514 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (vals (map definition-value definitions))
515 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (assignments
516 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map (lambda (var val)
517 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-assignment var val))
518 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu vars vals))
519 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (exps (remove definition? body)))
520 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? definitions)
523 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let vars
524 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu unassigneds
525 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (append assignments exps))))))
527 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; ((let ((even? (quote *unassigned*))
528 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (odd? (quote *unassigned*)))
529 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! even?
530 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda (n)
532 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (= n 0)
534 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (odd? (- n 1)))))
535 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! odd?
536 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda (n)
537 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (= n 0)
539 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? (- n 1)))))
540 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? x)))
545 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; c. Install scan-out-defines in the interpreter, either in make-procedure or in procedure-body (see section 4.1.3). Which place is better? Why?
547 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; better to put it in make-procedure. Otherwise, every time the procedure-body is requested for an application, we'd have to repeat the scanning. This would make applications quite slow and would be very inefficient.
549 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; scan-out-defines
552 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (f x)
553 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (even? n)
554 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
556 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (odd? (- n 1))))
557 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define (odd? n)
558 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
560 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (even? (- n 1))))
561 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (even? x)))
562 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(f 5) false)
563 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(f 10) true)
565 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define f-proc (eval 'f the-global-environment))
566 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (procedure-body f-proc)
567 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; ((let ((even? (quote *unassigned*)) (odd? (quote *unassigned*))) (set! even? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1))))) (set! odd? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1))))) (even? x)))
568 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (user-print (procedure-body f-proc))
569 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; ((let ((even? (quote *unassigned*)) (odd? (quote *unassigned*))) (set! even? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1))))) (set! odd? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1))))) (even? x)))
570 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (first-exp (procedure-body f-proc))
571 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (let? (first-exp (procedure-body f-proc)))
575 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; 1 ]=> (let->combination (first-exp (procedure-body f-proc)))
577 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;Value 14: ((lambda (even? odd?) (set! even? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1))))) (set! odd? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1))))) (even? x)) (quote *unassigned*) (quote *unassigned*))
580 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;Value 13: (let ((even? (quote *unassigned*)) (odd? (quote *unassigned*))) (set! even? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1))))) (set! odd? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1))))) (even? x))
582 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (operator (let->combination (first-exp (procedure-body f-proc))))
584 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;Value 15: (lambda (even? odd?) (set! even? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1))))) (set! odd? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1))))) (even? x))
586 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; 1 ]=> (lambda-parameters (operator (let->combination (first-exp (procedure-body f-proc)))))
588 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;Value 16: (even? odd?)
590 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; ((set! even? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1))))) (set! odd? (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1))))) (even? x))
592 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; there is an infinite loop going on
593 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; the problem is that we scan out definitions and construct a let
594 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; but, the let itself implies another lambda expression. To
595 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; evaluate that lambda expression, we must construct another procedure.
596 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; But then, we have to scan out *that* procedure. It never ends...
598 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (test-case
599 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (scan-out-defines
600 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '((define (even? n)
601 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (= n 0)
603 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (odd? (- n 1))))
604 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define (odd? n)
605 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (= n 0)
607 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? (- n 1))))
608 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? x)))
609 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((even? '*unassigned*)
610 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (odd? '*unassigned*))
611 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! even?
612 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda (n)
613 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (= n 0)
615 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (odd? (- n 1)))))
616 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! odd?
617 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda (n)
618 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (if (= n 0)
620 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? (- n 1)))))
621 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? x)))
623 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; ((let ((even? (quote *unassigned*))
624 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (odd? (quote *unassigned*)))
625 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! even?
626 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) true (odd? (- n 1)))))
627 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (set! odd?
628 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (lambda (n) (if (= n 0) false (even? (- n 1)))))
629 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (even? x)))
632 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(let ((x 5))
633 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define y x)
634 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (define x 3)
635 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; (+ x y)))
636 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; signal an error because x is undefined if variables are scanned out
641 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; test-suite
643 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; procedure definitions
646 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (assoc key records)
647 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((null? records) false)
648 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((equal? key (caar records)) (car records))
649 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (assoc key (cdr records))))))
652 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (map proc list)
653 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? list)
655 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cons (proc (car list))
656 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (map proc (cdr list))))))
659 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (accumulate op initial sequence)
660 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (null? sequence)
662 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (op (car sequence)
663 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (accumulate op initial (cdr sequence))))))
665 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; all special forms
666 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(begin 5 6) 6)
667 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '10 10)
668 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define x 3))
669 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 3)
670 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(set! x -25) 'ok)
671 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x -25)
672 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define z (lambda (x y) (+ x (* x y)))))
673 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(z 3 4) 15)
674 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(cond ((= x -2) 'x=-2)
675 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= x -25) 'x=-25)
676 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else 'failed))
678 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(if true false true) false)
680 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 4) (y 7))
681 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ x y (* x y)))
682 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ 4 7 (* 4 7)))
686 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (geval '(define x (+ 3 8)))
687 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x) 11)
688 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x false) false)
689 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x (set! x -2) false) false)
690 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x -2)
691 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(and 0 true x false (set! x -5)) false)
692 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x -2)
693 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or false (set! x 25)) 'ok)
694 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 25)
695 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or (set! x 2) (set! x 4)) 'ok)
696 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 2)
697 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or false (set! x 25) true false) 'ok)
698 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval 'x 25)
699 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or ((lambda (x) x) 5)) 5)
700 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(or (begin (set! x (+ x 1)) x)) 26)
706 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(cond ((assoc 'b '((a 1) (b 2))) => cadr)
707 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else false))
711 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(cond ((= 3 4) 'not-true)
712 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= (* 2 4) 3) 'also-false)
713 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((map (lambda (x)
714 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x (+ x 1)))
715 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(2 4 1 9))
717 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (lambda (x)
718 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (accumulate + 0 x)))
719 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else 'never-reach))
721 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; '(6 20 2 90)
724 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; procedure definition and application
726 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (factorial n)
727 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= n 0)
729 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* n (factorial (- n 1))))))
730 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(factorial 5) 120)
735 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(map (lambda (x)
736 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* x (+ x 1)))
737 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(2 1 4 2 8 3))
738 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(6 2 20 6 72 12))
739 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; accumulate
742 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(accumulate + 0 '(1 2 3 4 5))
745 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; make-let
747 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-let '(x y) '(3 5) '((+ x y)))
754 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3))
758 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3)
763 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3)
765 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (let ((x (+ y 2))
769 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (* 4 3) 3 2))
771 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 6)
772 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (let ((x 2))
774 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (z (let ((a (* 3 2)))
783 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 3)
784 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (+ x 2))
785 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (z (+ x y 5)))
794 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 3))
795 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let* ((y 5))
800 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 3)
801 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (+ x 1)))
802 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (let* ((x (+ y 2))
806 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ (* 6 6) 3 4))
808 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let* ((x 6)
809 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y (let* ((x 2)
810 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (a (let* ((x (* 3 x)))
813 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (z (+ x y)))
817 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; named-let
820 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let eight ()
826 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let loop ((count 0))
827 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= 100 count)
829 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (loop (+ count 1))))
832 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (prime? x)
833 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let prime-iter ((i 2))
834 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((> (* i i) x) true)
835 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= (remainder x i) 0) false)
836 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (prime-iter (+ i 1)))))))
838 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let primes ((x 2)
840 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (cond ((= n 0) '())
841 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((prime? x)
843 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (primes (+ x 1) (- n 1))))
844 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (else (primes (+ x 1) n))))
845 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71))
848 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(define (fib n)
849 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let fib-iter ((a 1)
852 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (if (= count 0)
854 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (fib-iter (+ a b) a (- count 1))))))
855 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (test-eval '(fib 19) 4181)
859 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y 0))
860 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x 0 (+ x 1)))
861 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= x 5) y)
862 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (+ y 1))))
873 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y 0))
875 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= y 5) y)
876 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (+ y 1))))
880 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(do ((y '(1 2 3 4)))
881 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? y))
882 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (cdr y)))
885 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y 0))
886 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x 0 (+ x 1)))
887 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((= x 5) y)
888 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! y (+ y 1))))
891 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x '(1 3 5 7 9)))
892 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x x (cdr x))
893 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (sum 0 (+ sum (car x))))
894 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? x) sum)))
897 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((z '()))
898 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (do ((x '(1 2 3 4) (cdr x))
899 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (y '(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) (cddr y)))
900 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ((null? x) y x z)
901 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (set! z (cons (car x) z))))
902 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(4 3 2 1))
906 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; make-unbound!
909 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3))
910 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((x 5))
911 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! x)
916 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3))
917 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((x 5))
918 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define y x)
919 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! x)
924 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((y -1) (x 3))
925 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((y 0.5) (x 5))
926 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define a x)
927 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define b y)
928 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! x)
929 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! y)
930 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* a b x y)))
931 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (* 5 3 -1 0.5))
934 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 3) (y 4))
935 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((x 5))
936 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! x)
941 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((a 1) (b 2) (c 3) (d 4))
942 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! b)
947 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu '(let ((x 4) (y 5))
948 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((a 1) (b 2) (c 3))
949 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((x (+ a b)) (y (+ c a)))
950 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! x)
951 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (let ((a x) (b (+ x y)))
952 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (define z b)
953 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (make-unbound! b)
955 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ a b y))))))
957 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu (+ 4 2 4)))
959 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; x 3 -- y 4
960 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; x 4 -- y 4
961 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; a 4 -- b 4
962 665c255d 2023-08-04 jrmu ;; a 4 -- b 2
